Extending

Unlike namespaces, interfaces can be extended by inheritance. The construct is introduced by the keyword extends, like so

interface Euro_INTF {

type t;

const add: (a: t, b: t) => t;

const one: t;

const two: t;

};

interface WithTenEuro_INTF extends Euro_INTF {

const ten: t;

};

interface WithFiftyEuro_INTF extends Euro_INTF {

const fifty: t;

};

Note how the type t remains abstract in WithTenEuro_INTF and WithFiftyEuro_INTF.

It is possible to design diamond inheritance, that is, inheriting twice the same base interface, like so:

interface NewEuro_INTF

extends WithTenEuro_INTF, WithFiftyEuro_INTF {

const hundred: t;

const five_hundred?: t;

};

Here, the abstract type t was inherited twice from Euro_INTF. Note the optional value five_hundred, distinghished as such by a question mark: five_hundred?. This means that a namespace implementing NewEuro_INTF can choose not to implement five_hundred (because it is often counterfeited). The implementation of an interface can be done as follows:

namespace NewEuro implements NewEuro_INTF {

export type t = int;

export const add = (a: t, b: t) => a + b;

export const one: t = 1;

export const two: t = 2;

export const ten: t = 10;

export const fifty: t = 50;

export const hundred: t = 100;

export const five_hundred: t = 500; // Could be omitted

const twenty: t = 20; // Extra new constant

}

Note how five_hundred was indeed implemented, although it was not mandatory, and how we added twenty, even it is not found in any of the inherited signatures.